Laboratory «Research of ultra-low-latency network technologies with ultra-high density based on the extensive use of artificial intelligence for 6G networks»

Abd El-Latif Ahmed Abdelrahim

Contract number

075-15-2022-1137

Time span of the project

2022-2024

Laboratory's website

As of 01.12.2023

Number of staff members

scientific publications

Objects of intellectual property

Name of the project:

The research of network technologies with ultra-low-latency and ultra-high density relying on the extensive use of artificial intelligence for 6G networks.

Research directions: Computer and information sciences

Goals of project:

The goal of the project is to create the scientific foundations for the proactive implementation of sixth-generation communication networks with the rational use of artificial intelligence technologies in principal networking technologies on which 6G networks can rely.

Project objective:

To develop principles of constructing sixth-generation communication networks accounting for the peculiarities of the territorial and administrative division of Russia, the varying density of population, workforce across the territory of the country in accordance with the types of economic activity, the road network, the landscape and the distance between settlements.
To develop methods of building fractal communication networks in the setting of a three-dimensional space and ultra-high density, up to 100 devices per cubic meter and methodologies of the planning of such networks in the context of an inhomogeneous environment.
To develop optimal routing methods in the context of the limitations caused by the ultra-high density of the network in a three-dimensional space, the influence of the load of the adjacent nodes on the quality of service in a specific route and ensuring the stability of the communication network under the influence imposed on the network leading to failure of nodes and (or) fragments of the network.
To develop methods for the positioning of network routers in the setting of a three-dimensional ultra-dense space and a space enriched with biomass that hinders the propagation of terahertz signals, including in crowds of people at a stadium, on a street etc.
To develop a model network for the research and training in technologies and services provided by 6G networks. To create a laboratory of 6G networks and services based on a model network, to lay the groundwork at the Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications in the formation of a model network for the research and training in the field of telepresence services.
To develop methods of transmission of holographic copies of humans in the context of network technologies in the context of network technologies with ultra-low latency in three-dimensional 6G communication networks and to determine requirements for the quality of service and the quality of perception for such services.
To develop methods of providing augmented reality services in the context of network technologies with ultra-low latency in three-dimensional 6G communication networks, to determine the requirements for the quality of services and the quality of perception of such services.
To develop methods of providing services using avatar robots in the context of network technologies with ultra-low latency in three-dimensional 6G communication networks and to determine requirements for the quality of service and the quality of perception for such services.
To develop methods of providing services using humanoid robots in the context of network technologies with ultra-low latency in three-dimensional 6G communication networks and to determine requirements for the quality of service and the quality of perception of such services.
To develop methods of placing network routers on tethered drones and ensuring routing by a swarm of drones in the context of a three-dimensional ultra-dense space and a space enriched with biomass that impedes the propagation of terahertz signals, including in crowds of people at a stadium, on a street etc..
To develop algorithms for prototyping traffic and other network characteristics on the basis of machine and deep learning in three-dimensional 6G networks to ensure the rational distribution of resources of the network as a whole and (or) its fragments in the context of super big data, ultra-low latency, the requirements for ultra-high reliability and ensuring the stability of 6G communication networks.
To develop algorithms for the migration of services on the basis of machine and deep learning for traffic balancing, indiscriminate access to services of 6G communication networks for all users regardless of whether it is a human or a robot, ensuring the quality of service and the quality of perception and the stability of 6G communication networks.
To research technologies of network coding for 6G networks, including the impact of coding methods on latency in 6G networks. To form an approach and to research the peculiarities of the use of artificial intelligence technologies when network coding is used. To research methods of noise-free coding for 6G networks, including the impact of methods of noise-free coding on delays in 6G networks. To develop adaptive methods of noise-free coding based on artificial intelligence systems for 6G networks.
To research and develop requirements for precision and operation rate, methods of network positioning for moving and stationary devices in three-dimensional ultra-dense 6G networks. To research and develop models and methods for the assessment of the accuracy and speed of the determination of the time and the angle of arrival of a signal for moving and stationary devices in three-dimensional ultra-dense 6G networks. To research and develop models and methods of the secondary processing of primary measurements of the time and the angle of arrival of a signal in stationary and moving in three-dimensional ultra-dense 6G networks.
To develop new network protocols for 6G communication networks accounting for their peculiarities outlined above.

Scientific results:

The following scientific results were obtained at the first project implementation phase:

a new direction of scientific research in the field of communication networks was established, namely multilayer three-dimensional ultra-dense heterogeneous networks;
methods of planning ultra-dense networks using self-similar (fractal) properties of the environment space were developed;
for three-dimensional ultra-dense networks and ultra-low latency communication networks a number of methods have been developed based on the use of artificial intelligence technologies in 6G communication networks;
a new method of identification of critical nodes in the network was developed, which is a modified method of dynamic weighted sums (Grey Relational Analysis Weighted Sum Method, GRA-WSM), based on epidemic models and grey relational analysis, which is adapted to the models of three-dimensional ultra-dense networks;
methods of network router placement under conditions of three-dimensional ultra-dense space and biomass-saturated space interfering with the propagation of terahertz signals were developed for indoor and outdoor spaces.

The following scientific results were obtained at the second project implementation phase:

methods for transmitting holographic copies of a person in the conditions of network technologies with ultra-low delays in three-dimensional 6G communication networks have been developed and experimentally tested, differing from known methods in that, in order to ensure the provision of the service of transmitting a holographic copy of a person to mass users, holographic copies of a person are formed in various geometric figures (currently in octahedrons and cylinders), which makes it possible to transmit a holographic copy of a person with characteristics acceptable for the quality of perception at a transmission rate of units of Gbit/s, in contrast to existing methods that require a speed of units of Tbit/s for the same purposes;
a set of methods for subjective assessment of the quality of perception of holographic copies of a person and corresponding techniques has been developed, making it possible to determine the necessary and sufficient level of requirements for the quality of perception of holographic copies of a person, differing from known methods in that, among other things, the quality of depth, visual comfort, naturalness of perception and the feeling of presence are assessed;
a new method and algorithms for providing augmented reality services have been developed, which, unlike existing ones, use a multi-level unloading system based on mobile edge computing for mobile and web-based augmented reality applications, including 360-degree spherical panoramas and video, which reduces latency compared to existing methods;
methods have been developed for planning communication networks, including planning ultra-high and high-density Internet of Things networks in terms of clustering and selecting head nodes;
methods have been developed for building 6G communication networks for hard-to-reach and sparsely populated areas using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to ensure the necessary network connectivity, as well as using UAVs to solve problems of building a 6G communication network for new applications such as smart cities, transport networks, and medical networks;
as a result of the research and development of requirements for the accuracy and speed of network positioning methods for mobile and stationary devices in three-dimensional ultra-dense 6G terahertz networks, the possibility of achieving centimeter-level accuracy of coordinate estimates and angular resolution of device orientation of 1° was proven using a 1 GHz frequency band and a composite antenna array with more than 500 elements;
a new area of work has been discovered that has major independent significance, namely network universes, which differs from known works on metaverses in that it significantly expands the capabilities of the network universe compared to using only virtual, augmented and mixed realities;
a method has been developed for transmitting tactile and kinesthetic information based on a tactile glove and a humanoid robot hand, which makes it possible to eliminate possible noise from the glove's analog sensors and unintentional abrupt movements of the user, as well as to increase the level of accuracy of motion data while maintaining the level of reactivity on the humanoid robot hand;
a method for managing exchange parameters and an application-level protocol has been developed using the example of robotic manipulators, which use the transmission of a series of commands to control robots over a public communication network, the number of which is optimized for the efficiency of using the communication channel, which allows for increasing the efficiency of using network resources;
a telepresence suit has been developed to provide services in robotic networks with the ability to function in a network universe, which, unlike the well-known TeslaSuit, is built on the basis of sensors and has the ability to transmit and receive sensations of cold, heat and humidity.

Implementation of research results:

A “Methodology for selecting a fractal figure for planning and designing a high-density network for the Internet of Things” was developed and agreed with PJSC GIPROSVYAZ.

Drafts of the following standards were developed and submitted to the national and intergovernmental technical committee for standardization “Information Technologies” (TC-ITC-22):

GOST R “Information Technologies. Internet of Things. The testing of 3D ultra-high density Internet of Things networks” (the draft was accepted for consideration, received the operation code 1.11.022-1.274.24 and is in the stage of public discussion);
GOST R “Information Technologies. Internet of Things. The testing of the robotics on the model network” (the draft was accepted for consideration, received the operation code 1.11.022-1.276.24 and is under public discussion);
GOST R “Information Technologies. Internet of Things. Application layer protocol for robotics control” (the draft was accepted for consideration, received the operation code 1.11.022-1.277.24 and is under public discussion);
PNST “Information Technologies. Internet of Things. Network Coding Protocol for Multicast Data Transmission” (the draft was accepted for consideration, received the operation code 1.11.022-1.275.24 and is under public discussion).

Recommendations and draft standards of the Telecommunication Standardization Sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) have been developed:

C.351. ITU-T Q.RMP-Fc “Routing microservices protocol for fog computing segment”.
C.344. Proposal for revision of ToR of questions 1/11, 2/11, 3/11, 4/11, 6/11, 6/11, 7/11, 8/11, 12/11, 13/11 and 14/11 for the next study period.
C.343. ITU-T Q.AL-PRC “Application layer protocol for robotics control”.
C.220. ITU-T Q.FFCT “Framework for fog computational segment testing”.
C.218. ITU-T Q.FSDNT “Framework for SDN inter-network communication segment testing”.
C.713. Baseline text of the proposed new work item ITU-T Y.NPM-HDN: “Network planning methodology for high dense and ultra-high dense networks”.
C.713. ITU-T Y.ORCH-DIS: “Framework of distributed orchestrators for rural networks based on STIN”.

Also at the ITU-T Study Group 11 (SC 11) meeting, the draft standard for network coding repeater protocol ITU-T Q.5032: “Network coding protocol for network repeaters” was approved with a number assigned.

Organizational and infrastructural changes:

The laboratory “Research of ultra-low latency and ultra-high density network technologies based on wide application of artificial intelligence for 6G networks” (MEGANETLAB 6G) was established.

In order to conduct scientific research and teach students about the technologies and services provided by 6G communication networks, equipment was purchased and a model network was built, consisting of the following segments: the segment of multilayer ultra-dense network; the segment of artificial intelligence in 6G communication networks; the segment of augmented reality and holographic video transmission; the segment of robot avatars and multifunctional robots; the segment of transport network, which includes DWDM and SDN; the application and data processing segment; the control and experimentation segment; the access and terminals segment.

Education and personnel occupational retraining:

In 2023, the main professional educational program for bachelors “Artificial Intelligence in 6G networks with ultra-high density” was developed and introduced into the educational process of SPbSUT. The purpose of this program is to train specialists to provide the digital economy with qualified personnel for the development, design and operation in the field of intelligent control systems in 6G networks and systems with ultra-high density for organizations and enterprises of the industry of digital development, communications and mass communications.
In 2024, the main professional educational program for masters “6G communication networks with ultra-low latency” was developed and implemented in the educational process of SPbSUT. The purpose of this program is to train qualified personnel for research, development, design in the field of telecommunications networks, systems and devices, primarily 6G communication networks with ultra-low latency, including the formation of human resources for postgraduate studies, as well as the management staff of organizations and enterprises of the industry of digital development of communications and mass communications.
In 2024, River Publishers is publishing a monograph “Enabling Metaverse and Telepresence Services in 6G Networks” dedicated to the realization of metaverse and telepresence services based on the sixth generation of communication networks.
Currently, the textbook “6G Communication Networks: Fractal Architectures, Holographic Interactions, Telepresence, Network Robots” is being prepared for publication for students of higher education programs in the fields of 11.03.02 - Infocommunication Technologies and Communication Systems (Bachelors), 11.04.02 - Infocommunication Technologies and Communication Systems (Masters), 09.03.01 - Informatics and Computer Science (Bachelors), 09.04.01 - Informatics and Computer Science (Masters).

Cooperation:

Menoufia University (Egypt)
Zagazig University (Egypt)
Prince Sultan University (Saudi Arabia)
Al-Azhar University (Egypt)
King Saud University (Saudi Arabia)
Guangdong University of Technology (China)
National School of Applied Sciences (Morocco)

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Ahmad, A.; Ahmad, T.; Ahmad, M.; Muthanna, A.; Gupta, B.; Abd El-Latif, A.A.

Determination of Critical Edges in Air Route Network Using Modified Weighted Sum Method and Grey Relational Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2022, 24(12), 15578-15589. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2022.3200140

Fokin, G.; Koucheryavy, A.

Algorithm for Topology Search Using Dilution of Precision Criterion in Ultra-Dense Network Positioning Service Area. Mathematics 2023, 11, 2227. https://doi.org/10.3390/math11102227

Ateya, A.A.; Muthanna, A.; Koucheryavy, A.; Maleh, Y.; Abd El-Latif, A.A.

Energy Efficient Offloading Scheme for MEC-based Augmented Reality System. Cluster Computing 2023, 26, 789-806. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-022-03914-7

Ateya, A.A.; Bushelenkov, S.; Muthanna, A.; Paramonov, A.; Koucheryavy, A.; Allaoua Chelloug, S.; Abd El-Latif, A.A.

Multipath Routing Scheme for Optimum Data Transmission in Dense Internet of Things. Mathematics 2023, 11, 4168. https://doi.org/10.3390/math11194168

Bushelenkov, S.; Paramonov, A.; Muthanna, A.; Abd El-Latif, A.A.; Koucheryavy, A.; Alfarraj, O.; Plawiak, P.; Ateya, A.A.

Multi-Story Building Model for Efficient IoT Network Design. Mathematics 2023, 11, 1403. https://doi.org/10.3390/math11061403

Asim, M., Junhong, C., Muthanna, A.; Wenyin, L.; Khan, S.; Abd El-Latif, A.A.

A Novel Simulated Annealing Trajectory Optimization Algorithm in an Autonomous UAVs-empowered MFC System for Medical Internet of Things Devices. Wireless Networks 2023, 29, 3163-3176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-023-03370-0

Vladimirov, S.S.; Vybornova, A.; Muthanna, A.; Koucheryavy, A.; Abd El-Latif, A.A.

Network Coding Datagram Protocol for TCP/IP Networks, IEEE Access 2023, 11, 43485-43498. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3266289

Simulation model for assessing the accuracy of positioning and orientation of devices in ultra-dense 6G networks using broadband terahertz signals on a plane. Computer program. Certificate of state registration № 2022680542 dated 02.11.2022.

Fokin G.A., Makolkina M.A., Elagin V.S., Tefikova M.R., Kuzmina E.A.

Program module of research of dependence of accuracy of positioning and orientation of devices in space on dimensionality of an antenna array on a base station in ultra-dense networks of millimeter and terahertz range. Computer program. Certificate of state registration № 2023682152 dated 23.10.2023.

Fokin G.A., Kucheryavy A.E., Gorbacheva L.S.

Simulation model of research of dependence of signal/interference ratio from accuracy of coordinate estimations at control of a set of directional radio lines with diagramming on the basis of positioning. Computer program. Certificate of state registration № 2024615616 dated 11.03.2024.

Fokin G.A.

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Laboratory «Hybrid modeling and optimization methods in complex systems» Siberian federal University - (SibFU)	Computer and information sciences	Krasnoyarsk	Stanimirović Predrag Stefan Serbia	2022-2024
Laboratory for Non-linear and Microwave Photonics Ulyanovsk State University - (USU)	Computer and information sciences	Ulyanovsk	Taylor James Roy United Kingdom, Ireland	2021-2023
Multi-scale Neurodynamics for Smart Systems Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology - (Skoltech)	Computer and information sciences	Moscow	Wang Jun	2021-2023